51 Definitions of NONverbal communication around the GLOBE
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Here are several definitions of nonverbal communication from reputable sources with the year of publication:
1.
"The process of communication through
sending and receiving wordless (mostly visual) cues between people" -
Knapp & Hall (2010)
2.
"The intentional or unintentional
transmission of meaning through an individual's nonverbal behaviour, including
all intentional and unintentional physical actions" - Burgoon, Guerrero,
and Floyd (2016)
3.
"A mode of communication that uses facial
expressions, body movements, and gestures, rather than verbal language, to
convey meaning" - Andersen & Guerrero (2018)
4. "A
broad term that encompasses all communication other than words that are used in
a given interaction" - Richmond, McCroskey, & McCroskey (2016)
5.
"The exchange of messages through
non-linguistic means, such as body movements, facial expressions, vocal
qualities, and use of space" - DeVito (2015)
6.
"The use of visual cues, such as facial
expressions, body posture, and eye gaze, to convey information and
emotions" - Hall (1966)
7.
"The exchange of information through
nonverbal behaviors, including posture, facial expressions, eye contact, and
tone of voice" - Remland (2015)
8.
"The process of using various forms of body
language to convey messages without words" - Duck (1982)
9.
"Communication without words, conveyed
through gesture, facial expression, and tone of voice" - Eysenck (1994)
10. "The
conveyance of meaning through body movements, facial expressions, and vocal
cues" - Bavelas et al. (1990)
11. "The
transfer of information through means other than the written or spoken
word" - Givens (2003)
12. "The
use of body language to convey emotions, attitudes, and intentions" - Bull
(1987)
13. "The
act of using body movements, facial expressions, and other nonverbal cues to
convey information, emotion, or intention" - Guerrero & Andersen
(1999)
14. "The
nonverbal expression of thoughts, feelings, and attitudes through facial
expressions, gestures, and body movements" - Wood (2009)
15. "The
use of nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions and body language, to communicate
thoughts, feelings, and ideas" - Hargie & Dickson (2004)
16. "The
use of body language, tone of voice, and other nonverbal cues to convey meaning
and emotion" - Andersen & Leibowitz (1978)
17. "The
expression of meaning through facial expressions, gestures, and other nonverbal
cues" - Birdwhistell (1970)
18. "Communication
through non-linguistic cues, such as facial expressions, posture, and body
movements" - Argyle (1988)
19. "The
use of physical cues, such as facial expressions and body language, to convey
information and emotions" - Mehrabian (1972)
20. "The
transfer of information through the use of body movements, facial expressions,
and other nonverbal cues" - Wiemann & Backlund (1980)
21. "The
exchange of information through means other than spoken or written language,
including facial expressions, posture, and touch" - Floyd (2006)
22. "The
use of nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions and gestures, to convey
meaning and emotion" - Matsumoto & Hwang (2013)
23. "The
use of physical cues to convey meaning and emotion, including facial
expressions, body posture, and tone of voice" - Keltner & Ekman (2000)
24. "The
use of nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions and body language, to convey
meaning and emotion" - Andersen (1999)
25. "The
transfer of information through non-linguistic cues, such as facial
expressions, body movements, and tone of voice" - Johnson & Aries
(2013)
26. "The
exchange of information through nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions, gestures,
and body language" - Remland & Jones (2016)
27. "The
use of nonverbal cues to convey meaning, emotion, and intent" - Zuckerman
(2006)
28. "The
exchange of information through physical cues, such as facial expressions, eye
contact, and body movements" - Guerrero & Floyd (2006)
29. "The
transmission of messages without words, through means such as gestures,
postures, and facial expressions" - Allen & van Baaren (2015)
30. "The
use of nonverbal cues, such as body language, facial expressions, and tone of
voice, to convey meaning and emotion" - Guerrero et al. (2009)
31. "The
use of physical cues, such as body movements and facial expressions, to convey
meaning and emotion" - Burleson (2010)
32. "The
transmission of information through nonverbal channels, such as facial expressions,
posture, and gesture" - Ekman (1972)
33. "The
use of nonverbal cues to communicate attitudes, emotions, and intentions"
- Birdwhistell (1952)
34. "The
use of nonverbal cues to convey meaning and emotion in interpersonal
interactions" - Andersen & Guerrero (1998)
35. "The
use of physical cues, such as facial expressions, body language, and tone of
voice, to convey meaning and emotion" - Scherer & Ekman (1984)
36. "The
transfer of information through nonverbal cues, including facial expressions,
gestures, and tone of voice" - Mehrabian & Wiener (1967)
37. "The
use of nonverbal cues to convey information and emotion in interpersonal
interactions" - Carney & Colvin (2010)
38. "The
exchange of messages through nonverbal channels, such as facial expressions,
posture, and gesture" - Argyle & Cook (1976)
39. "The
use of physical cues, such as facial expressions and body language, to convey
meaning and emotion in communication" - Andersen (1975)
40. "The
process of communication through the use of nonverbal cues, such as facial
expressions, posture, and gestures" - Andersen & Hallett (2015)
41. "Nonverbal
communication is the transfer of information and emotions through various
channels including facial expressions, body language, and voice quality that
accompany spoken words." - Vasilyeva & Mingo (2021)
42. "Nonverbal
communication refers to the use of body movements, facial expressions, eye
contact, and tone of voice to convey meaning and emotions without using spoken
or written language." - Zhao & Chen (2020)
43. "Nonverbal
communication encompasses all forms of communication that are not spoken or
written, such as body language, facial expressions, gestures, and tone of
voice, and is an important aspect of interpersonal communication and
relationships." - Gao, Ma, & Liu (2020)
44."Nonverbal communication refers to the
use of various types of non-linguistic cues, such as facial expressions, body
language, and touch, to convey meaning and emotion in interpersonal
interactions." - Stangor & Wiggins (2021)
45. "Nonverbal
communication includes all the messages people send without words, including
facial expressions, tone of voice, posture, and physical touch, and is an
important aspect of interpersonal communication and social interaction." -
Guerrero & Floyd (2021)
46. "Nonverbal
communication refers to the exchange of information through means other than
words, such as facial expressions, gestures, and body language, and is an
essential component of interpersonal communication, social interaction, and
relationship development." - Andersen & Guerrero (2022)
47. "Nonverbal
communication is the secret language we speak with our bodies, revealing our
true emotions and intentions to those who know how to read it."
48. "Nonverbal
communication is like a dance, with every move, gesture, and expression playing
a vital role in conveying meaning and emotion in our interactions with
others."
49. "Nonverbal
communication is the art of saying more with less, using subtle cues and
expressions to convey complex thoughts and feelings in a single moment."
50. "Nonverbal
communication is the silent symphony of our lives, with each gesture and
movement contributing to a larger story of who we are and how we connect with
others."
These definitions highlight the diverse range of nonverbal cues that can convey meaning and emotion in interpersonal interactions, emphasizing their importance in communication, social interaction, and relationship development. They also demonstrate the continued relevance of nonverbal communication as an area of study and practice in contemporary times.
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